Energy Transfer
1.) What is the SI (metric) unit of energy?
2.) Some forms of energy are known as stored energy because they do not do any work. Which of the following is NOT a form of stored energy?
3.) What is the main type of energy that an ice skater has when spinning over the same spot at high speed?
4.) What is the main energy change, taking place in the microphone of a tape recorder?
5.) Which of the following is NOT designed to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy?
6.) What energy changes are involved when you talk on the telephone?
7.) What are the energy changes involved in the generation of electricity from a hydroelectric power station?
8.) The diagram shows identical springs being stretched by different forces. Which spring contains the greatest elastic potential energy?
9.) The diagram shows some of the energy changes that occur in a steam engine. What type of energy is labelled 'X' and 'Y'?
10.) The diagram shows a reservoir used for storing water for use in a hydroelectric power station. What type of energy does the water have at the position labelled 'X'?
11.) Study the diagram carefully. When a hydroelectric power station requires water for its generators, the water will flow down the pipeline. What form of energy does the water have at the point labelled 'Y'?
12.) Which of the following statements is NOT true about energy types?
Conservation of Energy
13.) What does the law of conservation of energy state?
14.) Which of the following statements is NOT true about energy?
15.) The diagram shows some of the energy wasted when electricity is transferred from a battery to a motor. What does 'X' represent?
16.) Which of the following statements is NOT true about the efficiency of machines?
17.) An electric winch uses 5,000J of energy to lift up a heavy object. If the object gains 3,000J of potential energy, what is the efficiency of the winch?
18.) An electric kettle has 180,000J of energy supplied to it and it gives out 9,000J of heat to the room. What is the efficiency of the kettle?
Work Done and Power
19.) When a force moves an object, energy is transferred and work is done. What is the SI (metric) unit of work?
20.) A man lifts a 53N box a distance of 25m. How much work does he do, lifting the box?
21.) What is power measured in?
22.) A light bulb transfers 18KJ of energy in 5 minutes (300 seconds). What power rating does the bulb have?
K.E. and P.E.
23.) Which of the following statements is NOT true about kinetic energy?
24.) A body having a mass of 15Kg travels at a velocity of 30m/s. What is its kinetic energy?
25.) Which of the following statements is NOT true about gravitational potential energy?
26.) A car at a scrap yard is raised to a height of 18m. If it gains 270KJ of potential energy, what is its mass? (assume g is 10N/kg)
27.) A person with mass 54Kg runs upstairs in 12 seconds. If the vertical height of the stairs is 9m, what is the power output of the person? (assume g is 10N/kg)
28.) A ball falls from the top of a building. The statements show, in order, the ball's gravitational potential energy and its kinetic energy as it falls; which statement is incorrect? (assume air resistance has little effect)
29.) A ball is dropped from a cliff which is 26.5 metres above the sea. If the acceleration due to gravity is 10m/s², at what velocity will the ball hit the water? Assume that there are no energy losses and that all the potential energy is converted to kinetic energy. (HARD QUESTION)
30.) A ball is dropped from a height of 2 metres above the ground. Just after the first bounce, 25% of the energy has dissipated in the bounce. What height will the ball reach after the first bounce?
Heat Transfer
31.) Which of the following statements is NOT true about heat energy?
32.) There are three (or four) different methods of heat transfer. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
33.) When energy is supplied to a substance, it often causes the temperature to rise. The particles of which the substance is made then have more kinetic energy. What happens to the internal energy of the substance in this instance? (This is an IB question!)
34.) Which of the following statements is NOT true about evaporation?
Conduction
35.) Conduction is where vibrating particles gradually pass on some of their extra vibration energy to neighbouring particles. This process continues until all the heat energy is distributed throughout the solid. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
36.) John steps with bare feet onto a wool rug. He then steps onto a tiled floor. Why does the tiled floor feel colder than the wool rug?
37.) Refrigerators usually have a layer of polystyrene between the inner and outer walls. What is the purpose of the polystyrene?
38.) The diagram shows a device used to make potatoes bake more quickly in an oven. It consists of four metal prongs, each of which can have a potato pushed onto it. Which of the following is a good explanation of the way the device works?
39.) The apparatus in the diagram was used to heat water and ice. The water at the top of the tube is boiling, but the water at the bottom of the tube stays quite cool. What is the most likely reason for this?
Convection
40.) Convection is the process of the transfer of heat in a fluid by the movement of the fluid itself. Where can this occur?
41.) The diagram shows a natural convection current for an onshore breeze created in the day. There are four points labelled 'A' to 'D'. Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the corresponding point?
42.) Natural convection produces ocean currents. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
43.) Forced convection is where you have a fan or a pump making fluid move around much faster. This enables heat to be transferred much faster than the natural convection currents would. Which of the following is NOT an example of forced convection?
Radiation
44.) How does the infrared radiation that provides us with heat from the Sun, reach the Earth?
45.) Heat radiation is the transfer of energy purely by electromagnetic waves. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
46.) If you stand close enough to a bonfire, you can feel the heat on your skin. How does this heat travel to you?
47.) Leslie's cube is a thin walled, hollow cube with different outside surfaces. It is filled with hot water and then used to show that surfaces vary in their ability to radiate and absorb heat energy. Which of the following gives the correct order of surfaces, starting with the best radiator of heat energy, decreasing to the worst?
48.) There are two test tubes containing water and a thermometer water. Bulb ‘X’ is painted black. When the tubes are placed in bright sunshine, the temperature of bulb 'X' increases well above that of bulb 'Y'. What could you conclude about bulb 'Y' from this?
49.) When your body is wrapped in silver foil, you immediately feel warmer. Which is the most important reason for this?
Applications of Heat Transfer
50.) Which of the following statements are NOT true about good conductors and good insulators?
51.) Which type of insulation reduces the amount of radiation leaving an object?
52.) Silvered finishes are highly effective insulation against heat transfer by radiation. Which of the following does not use a silvered finish to reduce heat radiation?
53.) Silvered finishes are highly effective insulation against heat transfer by radiation. Which of the following does not use a silvered finish to reduce heat radiation?
54.) A thermos flask is a device used to keep a liquid at the same temperature, as when it was put into the flask. It consists of a double walled glass bottle with a thin vacuum between the two walls. The walls either side of the vacuum are silvered and the stopper is made from plastic, which is filled with cork or foam. Which of the statements is NOT true about how the insulation works?
55.) How does a central heating radiator give out most of its heat?
Insulating Buildings
56.) Study the diagram carefully. A heating engineer has made some measurements to help decide which kind of heater to use in a room. Which surface loses heat most quickly per square metre?
57.) Study the diagram carefully. A heating engineer has made some measurements to help decide which kind of heater to use in a room. Which surface should be insulated to save most energy?
58.) Heat can be lost from a house in many different ways. Which of the following types of insulation does NOT reduce heat loss through conduction? 59.) Draught proofing will reduce heat loss by convection. Which of the following will reduce heat loss by convection the most effectively? 60.) Curtains reduce heat loss primarily by which method of heat transfer? 61.) How do thermostatic radiator valves reduce heat loss in a house? 62.) Double glazing is often used to insulate houses against heat loss. What is it that makes double glazing such a good insulator? 63.) Snow on the roof of house 'X' melts much more quickly than on the roof of house 'Y'. If the temperature in each house is the same, why might this occur?Energy Resources
64.) Which of the following is a non-renewable source of energy?
65.) Which of the following uses a fossil fuel?
66.) Non-renewable energy resources provide most of our energy. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
67.) Study the table carefully. It lists the World's recoverable energy reserves of coal, oil and gas, together with their annual consumption in joules. How long will it take for these reserves to run out?
68.) There are many different forms of renewable energy. Two examples are food and biomass (wood). Which of the following is NOT a renewable source of energy?
69.) Study the table carefully. It lists some of the properties of various renewable energy sources. Which of the options is correct?
70.) Uranium is a nuclear fuel, which does not depend on the Sun for the energy that it produces because its energy comes from splitting atoms. Which of the following types of energy, also does NOT depend upon the Sun?
71.) Almost all the energy available on Earth comes, or has come, from the Sun. Which of the following is NOT true for energy supplied from the Sun?
72.) Many types of power station are now connected up to the National Grid. Which of the power stations listed below could NOT be started up quickly, if power was required by the National Grid at short notice?
Non-Renewable Energy
73.) What is the main source of energy that we use in the United Kingdom?
74.) Some types of power station produce waste gasses, such as sulphur dioxide, which can dissolve in rain drops to produce acid rain. Which source of fuel, when used in a power station, can produce such emissions?
75.) The Greenhouse Effect is caused by the release of carbon dioxide. What energy resources will contribute to this effect?
76.) There are several environmental problems with the use of non-renewable fuels. Which of the following is NOT true?
77.) Nuclear power stations now provide a significant proportion of our power needs. Which of the statements below is NOT a problem associated with nuclear power stations?
78.) To prevent fossil fuels from running out so quickly, we can use more renewable sources of energy, and use less energy by being more efficient with it. Which of the following methods will NOT save energy?
>Renewable Energy
79.) Which of the following statements is NOT true about renewable energy sources?
80.) A wind turbine has its own generator, so electricity is generated directly by the wind. Which of the following is NOT true?
81.) Hydroelectric power requires a high up reservoir, usually a flooded valley. The water is made to flow out of the reservoir and into turbines, which then generate electricity. Which of the following statements is correct about hydroelectric power stations?
82.) Power stations with boilers are hard to shut down and start up again and so are kept running most of the time, even when demand is very low. This gives rise to a surplus of electricity at night. What type of power station can take this energy from the National Grid and store it for periods of peak demand?
83.) Which of the following statements is NOT true about wave power?
84.) Study the table carefully. The tide rises and falls twice per day. By trapping each high tide and allowing it to flow out through generators, tidal energy can be converted into electrical energy. Which of the sites in the table would be most suitable for a tidal power station?
85.) Geothermal energy uses heat from underground. Which of the following is NOT true?
86.) Wood burning involves the cultivation of fast growing trees, which are then harvested, chopped up and burnt in a power station furnace to produce electricity. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
87.) Solar energy harnesses the energy from sunlight. Which of the following is NOT true?
88.) Despite their high cost, solar cells can be a useful way of generating electricity. The situations below are good applications for solar cells where a continuous 24 hour per day supply of electricity is needed. Which does not need the assistance of batteries?
89.) Non-renewable fuels are very polluting and are running out quickly. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using coal, oil, gas or nuclear energy?
90.) Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using renewable energy?
>Extra Questions - some of these are beyond GCSE level and have not had the answers programmed
91.) Which device below most closely fits the following energy transfer? Electrical Energy -> Kinetic Energy -> Thermal and Sound Energy.
92.) Harry is riding his bicycle on a level road when he stops pedalling and allows the bicycle to slow down and stop. Which of the following correctly describes the energy change which happens after he stops pedalling?
93.) An electric fan transfers 35 Joules of energy per second. If it transfers 350KJ of energy, how long was it left on for?
94.) Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of using renewable energy?
95.) The diagram shows the cylinder block of a motorcycle engine. The block gets very hot and must be cooled. Which of the following changes would help the cooling process?
96.) When a car stops, it uses a braking force of 3000 Newtons. If the brakes have to do 24KJ (24,000 Joules) of work for the car to come to rest, how far does it travel from the moment when the brakes are applied, to when it has stopped?
97.) A light bulb is supplied with 5,200J of electrical energy. Only 1,000J of light energy is emitted. What is the efficiency of the light bulb?
98.) When a hammer falls and strikes the head of a nail, the head of the nail will get hotter. Which of these correctly describes the energy changes that occur?
99.) A golf ball has a mass of 0.05kg. If when hit, it is given 250J of kinetic energy, how fast does it travel?
100.) In a hydroelectric power station, a volume of water of mass 500Kg falls through a vertical distance of 50m into the turbines of a generator. If gravity is 10N/kg, what is the potential energy of this volume of water.
101.) A car engine is cooled by passing water around the engine block and then through a radiator. The radiator then transfers heat from the water to the air. Which of the following would cause the radiator to transfer heat to the surroundings at a greater rate?
102.) Some cargo of mass 2.5 tonnes gains a maximum 1,500,000 Joules in potential energy above the quayside whilst being loaded onto a ship. If the deck of the ship is 55 metres above the quayside where the cargo is initially, what is the greatest height that the cargo reaches above the deck of the ship?
103.) An energy saving light bulb is 83% efficient. If it is supplied with 1,200J of electrical energy, how much light energy is emitted?
104.) Which of the options below correctly shows the energy changes involved when a television is on?
105.) A fisherman has a bite on his fishing line. He manages to reel in 15 metres of line before it snaps. If the fisherman does 1.8KJ of work before the fish gets away, what force did the fish exert?
106.) An electric oven has a power rating of 1.74 kilowatts. If it is left on for 3 hours, how much energy does it transfer?
107.) A hydroelectric power station has a dam which holds 500,000,000Kg of water. If the base of the dam is 200m above the turbines at the power station, estimate how much potential energy is stored in the water?
108.) A motorcycle of mass 950Kg accelerates to 15m/s in 8 seconds. What is its power output?
109.) An electric nail brush is supplied with 2,000J of energy, but only 1,600J is useful work done. What is the efficiency of the nail brush?
110.) A car travelling at 25m/s has 625KJ of kinetic energy. What is its mass?
111.) 10Kg of water falls from the top of a waterfall of height 300m into a pool below. What is its change of energy?
112.) A steel ball is dropped from a building that is 100m high. When it is 25m from the ground, what is the ratio of the ball's potential energy to its kinetic energy?
113.) You get into a lift and go from the ground to the fifth floor, a vertical rise of 30m. If you have a mass of 65Kg, how much potential energy do you gain? (gravity = 10N/kg)
114.) A person weighing 400N runs up some stairs. It takes her 6s to climb a vertical height of 8m. What is the average power she produces?
115.) A high jumper weighs 500N. During a jump she effectively raises her centre of gravity through 2.5m. How much work does she do?
116.) Two tanks are connected via a pipe as in the diagram. The tank on the left is filled to a depth of 2m with 30Kg of water. When the tap is opened, the right hand tank fills with water until both tanks are at the same level. How much potential energy is transferred when this happens? (gravity = 10N/kg)
117.) A high jumper weighs 600N. During a jump he effectively raises his centre of gravity through 2m. How much work does he do?
118.) A man having a mass of 60Kg travels up an escalator which lifts him through a vertical height of 10m in 25s. What is his increase in gravitational potential energy? (gravity = 10N/kg)
119.) In an experiment to measure your power output, you climb up some stairs. Which of these do you NOT need in order to calculate your power output?
120.) If you push a wheelbarrow with a force of 180N, how much work do you do when you move it 4m?